RFID Reader Integratsiya Qo'llanmasi
Seriyali aloqani o'rnatish, antenna konfiguratsiyasi, teg kodlash operatsiyalari (EPC Gen2 / ISO 18000-6C) va quvvatni boshqarish bo'yicha keng qamrovli hujjatlar. Ko'p antennali joylashtirish va yuqori tezlikda inventarizatsiyani skanerlash uchun misollar mavjud.
Seriyali aloqani o'rnatish
Nextwaves NRN protokoli RFID o'quvchilari seriyali port (RS-232 yoki USB-to-Serial) orqali aloqa qiladi. Barqaror ma'lumotlarni uzatishni ta'minlash uchun ulanish parametrlari to'g'ri sozlanishi kerak.
Brauzerga asoslangan WebSerial API ulanishlari uchun app.nextwaves.com/reader saytida Nextwaves Reader Connect-dan foydalaning. Ilova COM portlarini avtomatik ravishda aniqlaydi va ulanish parametrlarini sozladi.
// Request serial port access
const port = await navigator.serial.requestPort();
await port.open({
baudRate: 115200,
dataBits: 8,
stopBits: 1,
parity: "none",
flowControl: "none",
bufferSize: 4096,
});
// Get reader/writer streams
const reader = port.readable.getReader();
const writer = port.writable.getWriter();import serial
port = serial.Serial(
port="/dev/ttyUSB0", # Linux/macOS
# port="COM3", # Windows
baudrate=115200,
bytesize=serial.EIGHTBITS,
stopbits=serial.STOPBITS_ONE,
parity=serial.PARITY_NONE,
timeout=2.0,
)
# Flush buffers before communication
port.reset_input_buffer()
port.reset_output_buffer()Nextwaves NRN Protokol Ramka Tuzilishi
Har bir NRN protokoli buyrug'i quyidagilardan iborat bo'lgan ikkilik ramkada kapsulalanadi: Sarlavha (0x5A), PCW (Protokol boshqaruv so'zi), Kategoriya, MID (Xabar ID), Uzunlik, Ma'lumotlar yuklamasi va CRC16-CCITT tekshiruv yig'indisi.
Buyruq namunalari
TX -> 5A 00 01 01 00 00 00 DC E5
+----+ +------+ +----+ +----+ +------+ +------+
| 5A | | 0001 | | 01 | | 00 | | 0000 | | DCE5 |
+----+ +------+ +----+ +----+ +------+ +------+
HDR PCW CAT MID LEN CRC16TX -> 5A 00 01 02 10 00 00 04 5A
HDR PCW CAT MID LEN CRC16
Response notifications (PID 0x1231) contain:
- Antenna ID (1 byte)
- RSSI value (1 byte, raw ADC 0-255)
- EPC data (12+ bytes)
- Frequency channel index (1 byte)TX -> 5A 00 01 02 FF 00 00 88 5A
HDR PCW CAT MID LEN CRC16Asosiy buyruqlar ma'lumotnomasi
Antenna konfiguratsiyasi
RFID o'quvchilari 32 tagacha antenna portini qo'llab-quvvatlaydi. Har bir port 4 baytli bitmask orqali yoqiladi yoki o'chiriladi. Antennalar 1 dan 32 gacha raqamlangan, har bir bit portga mos keladi.
Antenna Bitmaskasi
TX -> 5A 00 01 02 03 00 04 0F 00 00 00 E1 EF
+-----------+
Payload: |0F 00 00 00| <- bitmask
+-----------+
Bit 0 = ANT1, Bit 1 = ANT2, Bit 2 = ANT3, Bit 3 = ANT4
0x0F = 0b00001111 -> all 4 ports enabledKo'p antennali joylashtirish
Ko'p antennalarni joylashtirishda, polyarizatsiyani (chiziqli va aylanma), antennalar orasidagi masofani va qamrov zonalarning bir-biriga mos kelishini hisobga oling. O'quvchi yoqilgan antennalarni ketma-ket skanerlaydi va har bir teg hisoboti pozitsiyani aniqlash uchun antenna ID-ni o'z ichiga oladi.
Dok eshigi
Portal uchun 2-4 antenna, aylanma polyarizatsiya, 30 dBm quvvat
Konveyer lentalari
Har bir stansiyada 1-2 antenna, chiziqli polyarizatsiya, 20-25 dBm
Chakana savdo javoni
Yaqin maydonli antennalar, kam quvvat 15-20 dBm, yuqori zichlik
Tag kodlash (EPC Gen2 / ISO 18000-6C)
UHF RFID EPC Gen2 standartiga (ISO 18000-6C) amal qiladi. Har bir tagda 4 ta xotira banki mavjud: Reserved (parollar), EPC (96+ bit identifikatori), TID (o'zgarmas chip ID) va User (maxsus ma'lumotlar).
Tag xotira tuzilishi
SGTIN-96 dekodlash misoli
SGTIN-96 chakana savdo va ta'minot zanjiri mahsulotlari uchun eng keng tarqalgan kodlashdir. 24 belgili hex EPC-ni GTIN-14, seriya raqami va GS1 Digital Link-ga aylantiring.
EPC Hex: 3034257BF7194E4000001A85
Decoded:
Header: 0x30 (SGTIN-96)
Filter: 1 (Point-of-Sale)
Partition: 5
Company Prefix: 0614141
Item Reference: 812345
Serial: 6789
GTIN-14: 80614141123458
Digital Link: https://id.gs1.org/01/80614141123458/21/6789// NRN protocol WRITE_EPC_TAG command
TX -> 5A 00 01 02 11 00 0C [EPC_DATA_12_BYTES] [CRC16]
// The reader will:
// 1. Select the tag in its field
// 2. Write the provided EPC data to Bank 01
// 3. Return success/failure notification
// Access password required if tag is locked:
TX -> 5A 00 01 02 11 00 10 [ACCESS_PWD_4B] [EPC_DATA_12B] [CRC16]Onlayn EPC Encoder vositasidan foydalaning /tools/tds-rfid-converter SGTIN-96, SSCC-96, GRAI-96 ni to'g'ridan-to'g'ri brauzeringizda kodlash va dekodlash uchun.
Quvvatni boshqarish
O'quvchi uzatish quvvati har bir antenna porti uchun 0 dan 33 dBm gacha sozlanishi. Yuqori quvvat o'qish diapazonini oshiradi, lekin shovqin va quvvat sarfini ham oshiradi.
TX -> 5A 00 01 02 01 00 04 1E 1E 1E 1E 67 FE
+-----------+
Payload: |1E 1E 1E 1E|
+-----------+
0x1E = 30 decimal = 30 dBm per port
Power guidelines:
- 33 dBm - Maximum range (~10m), dock doors
- 30 dBm - Standard range (~6-8m), general use
- 25 dBm - Medium range (~3-5m), conveyor belts
- 20 dBm - Short range (~1-2m), point-of-sale
- 15 dBm - Near-field (~0.5m), shelf readersRSSI monitoring
Teglardan olingan RSSI (Qabul qilingan signal kuchi ko'rsatkichi) qiymatlari xom ADC baytlari (0-255) sifatida xabar qilinadi. Aniq dBm qiymatlarini olish uchun konvertatsiya formulasidan foydalaning.
Yuqori tezlikda inventarizatsiyani skanerlash
Yuqori tezlikda inventarizatsiyani skanerlash uchun ishchi chastotalarni, takroriy teg filtri va uzluksiz skanerlash rejimini sozlang. O'quvchilar optimal konfiguratsiya bilan soniyasiga 700 tagacha tegni qo'llab-quvvatlaydi.
Chastotani sozlash
UHF RFID 920-925 MGts diapazonida (Janubi-Sharqiy Osiyo) 0,5 MGts kanal oralig'ida ishlaydi. Kanallar 0 (920 MGts) dan 10 (925 MGts) gacha raqamlangan.
TX -> 5A 00 01 02 05 00 06 00 02 04 06 08 0A C4 1B
Channel mapping (formula: 920.0 + index x 0.5 MHz):
Ch 0 -> 920.0 MHz
Ch 2 -> 921.0 MHz
Ch 4 -> 922.0 MHz
Ch 6 -> 923.0 MHz
Ch 8 -> 924.0 MHz
Ch 10 -> 925.0 MHzOptimal skanerlash ish oqimi
Antenna portlari va quvvat darajalarini sozlang
Ishchi chastotalarni o'rnating (ziyoda muhitlar uchun FHSS)
Takroriy filtrni sozlang (foydalanish holatiga qarab 500ms-3000ms)
Doimiy inventarizatsiyani boshlash uchun READ_EPC_TAG yuboring
Kelgan tag bildirishnomalarini (PID 0x1231) qayta ishlash
Tugatgandan so'ng STOP_INVENTORY yuboring
// 1. Enable antennas 1-4
await sendFrame("CONFIGURE_ANTENNA_ENABLE", [0x0F, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00]);
// 2. Set power to 30 dBm on all ports
await sendFrame("CONFIGURE_READER_POWER", [0x1E, 0x1E, 0x1E, 0x1E]);
// 3. Set working frequencies
await sendFrame("SET_WORKING_FREQUENCY", [0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10]);
// 4. Set duplicate filter to 1000ms
await sendFrame("SET_FILTER_SETTINGS", [0x03, 0xE8]);
// 5. Start inventory
await sendFrame("READ_EPC_TAG");
// 6. Process tags...
reader.on("tag", (tag) => {
const rssiDbm = -100 + Math.round((tag.rssi * 70) / 255);
console.log(`EPC: ${tag.epc}, Ant: ${tag.antenna}, RSSI: ${rssiDbm} dBm`);
});
// 7. Stop when done
await sendFrame("STOP_INVENTORY");